Nansha Marine Atmosphere Greenhouse Gas Monitoring System

According to the work plan of the Marine Environmental Monitoring and Capacity Upgrading of the State Oceanic Administration, under the strong support of the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, the research on marine disaster prediction technology of the State Oceanic Administration from September 8-20, 2017 The key laboratory has built a set of Nansha marine atmospheric greenhouse gas monitoring system in Nansha, South China Sea, and carried out trial operation. The relevant work has been assisted by the South China Sea Branch of the State Oceanic Administration and the Haikou Marine Environmental Monitoring Center of the State Oceanic Administration.

The system is located in the Nansha Islands. The construction standards refer to the corresponding meteorological specifications of the World Meteorological Organization Global Atmosphere Monitoring Network (WMO/GAW). At the same time, taking into account the characteristics of high atmospheric humidity and high salinity of the ocean atmosphere, the most advanced off-axis is adopted internationally. The integrated cavity output spectroscopy enables high-precision continuous observation of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane concentrations.

The Nansha Islands are located at the southernmost tip of China's waters. The Nansha Islands and adjacent waters are the only sea areas in China that are located in the core distribution area of ​​coral reefs. It is the largest tropical fishery in China. The special climatic, geographical and ecological conditions make the South China Sea Islands and surrounding waters a sensitive area for marine carbon cycle and ocean acidification.

The construction of the Nansha Marine Atmosphere Greenhouse Gas Monitoring System was dispatched by the key laboratory, Xia Dongdong, deputy director and the head of the greenhouse gas monitoring project, Lu Honggang, senior engineer, responsible for system site selection, installation and commissioning, and the Marine Forecasting and Disaster Reduction Office of the South China Sea Branch of the State Oceanic Administration Director Yi Dan is responsible for the organization and coordination of the tasks. The completion of the Nansha marine atmospheric greenhouse gas monitoring system can make up for the high-precision continuous monitoring of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations over the southern South China Sea, and is of great significance for the scientific research in the marine carbon cycle, ocean acidification and climate change in the South China Sea.

So far, the State Oceanic Administration has built four marine atmospheric greenhouse gas monitoring systems in Nansha, Xisha, Beibei and Lushan, initially forming a monitoring network for greenhouse gases from the southern South China Sea to the East China Sea, and accumulating a large amount of marine atmospheric greenhouse gases. The working experience and technical reserve of continuous precision monitoring will lay a solid foundation for the future construction of the national marine atmospheric greenhouse gas stereo monitoring network.

At present, China's total CO2 emissions have ranked first in the world, and the total amount of CH4 and N2O emissions has also been at the forefront. The implementation of the Kyoto Protocol in the form of regulations will undoubtedly have a major impact on China’s politics, economy and diplomacy. Therefore, long-term, fixed-point and accurate monitoring of greenhouse gas changes in the greenhouse gas, research on its source, sink and transport laws and their impact are the focus of today's global change research, social development and environmental foreign policy.

According to the PCC's fifth report, since the industrial revolution, due to human activities such as the use of fossil fuels, the average concentration of atmospheric CO2 has increased from 278×10-6 ppm in 1750 to 395.33×10-6 ppm in 2013, an increase of 40%. In April 2015, the average concentration of CO2 in the global atmosphere reached 401.24ppm, the highest value in 400,000 years. The rising concentration of greenhouse gases, led by CO2 in the atmosphere, has caused global warming and has become a serious threat to the Earth's ecosystem, human living environment and sustainable socio-economic development. As a responsible big country, China has an obligation to play a more important role in the work of addressing climate change. The monitoring of greenhouse gases can provide basic data support for China's response to climate change and provide a guarantee for China's favorable position in international climate change negotiations.

The increasing global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration directly leads to a rapid increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in seawater, triggering a series of marine ecological problems and disasters such as ocean acidification. The ocean plays an important role in absorbing atmospheric CO2 and regulating climate change, and is itself affected by the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2. Long-term continuous monitoring of changes in CO2 concentration in the ocean surface is essential for quantifying CO2 capacity for ocean uptake, understanding ocean carbon cycle and interaction and feedback across the Earth system, and is important for assessing future atmospheric CO2 concentrations and even global climate change. .

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