Cabbage flower is a cruciferous crop, also known as arboreal flower. It is a variant of cabbage, and its product organ is a flower ball made of white short-shrinking and tender flowering branches. It is a kind of crude fiber with less fiber, easy to digest and nourish. Rich, delicious vegetables. Cabbage flowers are strict with external environmental conditions. They are highly heterosexual. Generally, the seed production area has strict spatial isolation. There is no other crops in the range of 1 km to prevent cross-flowering, resulting in low purity or degraded quality. Farming should be the best place in cold, rainless or sunny and dry climates. The biological characteristics and seed production techniques are now introduced as follows: First, biological characteristics. Cabbage is a year or two years of vegetables. Its roots are strong, its roots are developed, and it is concentrated in the soil surface. The stem is thicker and longer than the cabbage, the leaves are long and narrow, and there is wax powder. Curled or twisted to protect the flower ball from daylight and discolor or frost. The flower ball is formed by short-twisting of flower shafts, flower branches and flower buds, and the flower ball is a nutrient storage organ. If the temperature is suitable, the flower ball gradually loosens, the flower axis and the flowering branch develop rapidly and elongate, and the flower buds gradually expand, and then the flowering and fruiting, the seed 1000 weight is 2.50-4 grams. Second, type and variety. There are many varieties of Chinese cabbage, and some varieties are named after the number of days from planting to harvesting. The type can be divided into three types: early maturing, medium maturity and late maturity according to the maturity of the flower ball. 1. Early maturity type: Generally, the varieties harvested 40-60 days after planting are short, the leaves are short and long, the leaves are light, the wax is light, the outer leaves are few, the flower balls are small, the heat is resistant, and the winter is weak. , sensitive to low temperature performance. 2. Medium-maturing type: Generally, the varieties harvested 70-90 days after planting are specified. The leaf clusters of such plants are large, carried out or semi-developed, and the leaf color varies according to the variety. The flower ball is generally large, the ball is tight, the variety is good, and the output is high. 3, late maturity type: generally specify the varieties harvested more than 100 days after planting. The plants are tall, have large leaf clusters, strong growth potential, wide leaves, short stalks, wavy leaves, wrinkles, large flower bulbs, high yield, strong winter, poor cold resistance and heat resistance. Third, the technical points of seed production 1. Requirements for climatic conditions (1) Temperature: Cabbage flower is a temperate crop, suitable for mild climate production, the germination temperature is about 20 °C, the suitable temperature during the growth period is 21-27 °C, and the suitable temperature for flowering and pod-forming period is about 18-23 °C. The flower bud differentiation of Chinese cabbage is not sensitive to low temperature. Flower bud differentiation does not necessarily require a very low temperature. The average temperature is below 20 °C, and flower bud differentiation can be achieved in 30 days. In addition, the ratio of seedling emergence is closely related to flower bud differentiation. The large seedling age is easy to cause induction phenomenon at low temperature, so it is easy to differentiate from flower buds. The younger seedling age is slower to react to low temperature and the flower bud differentiation is later. (2) Soil: Cabbage flowers are more stringent in soil requirements. It must be cultivated in fertile soil with loose soil, deep layer of cultivation, rich in organic matter, and good water retention and drainage to obtain high yield. Nitrogen nutrition should be supplied throughout the growing period, especially during the vigorous growth of leaf clusters, and sufficient nitrogen nutrients should be supplied. In the process of flower bud differentiation and flower bulb development, in addition to supplying nitrogen nutrients, a large amount of phosphorus and potassium nutrients are needed to promote sugar accumulation and protein formation, which is beneficial to flower bud differentiation and flower ball formation. 2. Seedling management: (1) Sowing date. The suitable sowing date in the Hexi region is from late January to early February. (2) Seeding adopts greenhouse seedlings. After sowing, the temperature should be controlled above 20 °C. After the seedlings, the temperature is controlled at 12-18 °C and the minimum is not lower than 4 °C. 3, colonization: (1) planting plots need to apply more farmyard manure or a large amount of base fertilizer, 40 kg of calcium phosphate per acre, 20 kg of compound fertilizer. (2) The colonization period is generally suitable for the middle and late April. The ridge surface is 50 cm wide and the groove depth is 50 cm. Generally, the plant spacing of the early maturing varieties is 33-40 cm, and the row spacing is 43-50 cm; the medium maturity variety is 50-60 cm, and the row spacing is 60-66 cm. When planting, the soil should be kept intact, and the root damage should be minimized. In order to ensure the survival of the seedlings, the planting should be carried out in the evening, and the planting water should be poured. 4 thinning flowers: (1) flowering work has a great influence on seed collection and yield. If the flowering is not thorough, the flowering branches are not conducive to bolting flowers, while white consumes nutrients and affects pods, leaving 3-4 branches when sparse flowers. If the growth is too strong, the nutrition is too weak, the bolting is less, and the rest is cleared. (2) The time of flower thinning should be selected in the morning on a sunny day. After the flowering is completed, the fungicide such as carbendazim or mancozeb is sprayed on the knife edge for wound disinfection. It is not suitable to water the water from 7 days to 10 days before the flower thinning. (3) After the first flowering, the flowering treatment is carried out every 5-7 days, and the treatment is 3-4 times. 5, flowering period management: (1) before the flowering period to fully spray insects, especially aphids, should be sprayed once every 4-5 days, flowering period should be less spray pesticides, should choose good efficacy, and no strange taste Pesticide is best sprayed in the afternoon. (2) The flowering period should be regularly filled with water to maintain the soil moisture, and combined with top dressing 2-3 times. (3) In the late flowering period, artificial topping should be carried out to promote its maturity, and appropriate watering or water control should be carried out according to the ground force to prevent plant greed and even pods. 6. Harvesting: When the seed pods turn from green to yellow, the whole plant can be harvested at one time. After harvesting, it can be stacked on plastic cloth or sand net, and cooked for 7-10 days, and then beat when the seed pods are dry. After the seeds are harvested, they should be protected from direct sunlight, exposed to the sun, placed in a ventilated environment, and then placed in the warehouse. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. 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